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Quiz: Advance Directives: Living Wills, DNR, MOLST, Power of Attorney

By Nancy Kimmel, MSN, FNP / July 2, 2026

Quiz: Advance Directives: Living Wills, DNR, MOLST, Power of Attorney

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Question 1 of 76

1. Question

A medical assistant is checking in a new patient. What is the most appropriate way to inquire about advance directives?

"You don't have a living will, do you?"
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"Do you have any advance directives, such as a living will or durable power of attorney for health care?"
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"You should really get an advance directive."
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"Who will make decisions for you if you can't?"
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Question 2 of 76

2. Question

A patient hands the medical assistant a copy of their living will. What is the most critical action for the MA to take?

Read the document and explain it to the patient.
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File the document in the office's legal records.
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Ensure the document is scanned and noted in the patient's electronic health record.
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Give the patient legal advice on the document.
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Question 3 of 76

3. Question

A patient has a valid DNR order in their medical record. The patient goes into cardiac arrest in the examination room. What is the appropriate first action for the medical assistant?

Immediately begin CPR.
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Call for a licensed provider (e.g., physician or nurse) and do not initiate CPR.
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Ask the family member present what they want to do.
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Locate the patient's living will for further instructions.
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Question 4 of 76

4. Question

A patient is confused about the difference between a DNR and a living will. Which statement best clarifies the distinction?

"They are the same thing, just with different names."
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"A living will expresses your wishes, while a DNR is a specific doctor's order not to perform CPR."
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"A DNR is something you sign at home, and a living will is for the hospital."
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"Only a lawyer can help you with a DNR, but a doctor can help with a living will."
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Question 5 of 76

5. Question

A patient provides you with a document that outlines their wishes regarding life-sustaining treatment in case of a terminal illness. What is this document called?

Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care
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Living Will
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MOLST Form
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DNR Order
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Question 6 of 76

6. Question

A patient’s daughter, who is listed as the health care agent in a durable power of attorney for health care, demands that her mother receive a treatment that the patient has explicitly refused in her living will. The patient is now incapacitated. How should the healthcare team proceed?

Follow the daughter's instructions, as she is the appointed agent.
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Follow the instructions in the living will.
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Ask the daughter and other family members to reach a consensus.
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The physician should make the final decision, ignoring both documents.
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Question 7 of 76

7. Question

A patient’s son, who is not the designated health care agent, insists that his father, who is incapacitated, would not want a feeding tube. The patient’s living will does not mention feeding tubes, and the designated agent is unavailable. What is the most significant ethical dilemma in this situation?

Deciding whether to follow the son's wishes or wait for the agent.
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Determining if the son's claim is legally valid.
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Balancing the principle of beneficence (doing good) with patient autonomy (respecting wishes).
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The cost of the feeding tube procedure.
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Question 8 of 76

8. Question

An 82-year-old patient with advanced heart failure has a form in his chart signed by both him and his physician that details his preferences for various medical interventions, including hospitalization and feeding tubes. This form is immediately actionable by medical personnel. What is this form most likely to be?

A living will
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A health care proxy designation
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A MOLST/POLST form
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A standard consent form
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Question 9 of 76

9. Question

What is the key difference between a living will and a durable power of attorney for health care?

A living will is a medical order, while a durable power of attorney is a legal document.
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A living will appoints a decision-maker, while a durable power of attorney outlines treatment preferences.
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A living will outlines treatment preferences, while a durable power of attorney appoints a decision-maker.
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A living will is only for patients over 65.
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Question 10 of 76

10. Question

Which of the following is NOT a primary responsibility of a Medical Assistant regarding advance directives?

Providing patients with standardized forms.
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Helping the patient interpret the legal language in the document.
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Documenting the presence of an advance directive in the patient's chart.
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Answering basic, non-advisory questions about what the forms are for.
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Question 11 of 76

11. Question

A 15-year-old patient arrives at the clinic alone and requests a confidential STI test. According to laws in most states, what is the correct protocol regarding consent?

The CCMA must contact the patient's parents to obtain consent before the test.
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The physician can provide treatment under the mature minor doctrine without consent.
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The minor can legally consent to this specific sensitive health service on their own.
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The CCMA should refuse service until a parent or guardian is present.
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Question 12 of 76

12. Question

A 17-year-old who is married and lives independently requires a tetanus shot after stepping on a rusty nail. Which type of consent is most appropriate in this situation?

Parental consent from her mother or father.
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Implied consent because a tetanus shot is a routine procedure.
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The patient's own informed consent.
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No consent is needed as it is a public health requirement.
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Question 13 of 76

13. Question

A patient is scheduled for a mole removal. The consent form is signed, and the procedure is completed. The patient then mentions they are also concerned about a different skin lesion on their arm. What is the correct next step?

The provider can remove the second lesion under the initial consent form.
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The CCMA can tell the patient it's fine and the doctor will look at it next time.
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A new informed consent process must be initiated for the second, separate procedure.
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The provider can remove the second lesion under implied consent.
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Question 14 of 76

14. Question

A physician has just finished explaining a minor surgical procedure to a patient. The patient agrees to proceed and the physician asks the CCMA to have the patient sign the consent form. What is the most appropriate action for the CCMA to take?

Explain the risks of the procedure again to the patient before they sign.
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Ask the patient if they have any final questions for the physician before witnessing their signature.
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Tell the patient to sign quickly so the clinic can stay on schedule.
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Sign the form on behalf of the patient to save time.
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Question 15 of 76

15. Question

In which of the following scenarios is implied consent NOT an appropriate justification for proceeding with a procedure?

An unconscious patient is given life-saving CPR in an emergency room.
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A patient holds out their arm for a phlebotomist to draw blood.
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A patient is given a new, high-risk medication without a prior discussion of its effects.
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A patient opens their mouth when a CCMA approaches with a tongue depressor for a throat culture.
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Question 16 of 76

16. Question

Which of the following actions by a CCMA demonstrates a misunderstanding of their role in the informed consent process?

Preparing the consent form with the correct patient and procedure name.
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Asking the physician to speak with the patient again when the patient expresses confusion about the risks.
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Answering the patient's questions about the potential side effects of the surgery.
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Witnessing the patient's signature on the form after the physician's explanation.
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Question 17 of 76

17. Question

A 16-year-old patient confides in the CCMA that she is being emotionally abused by her stepfather, who constantly belittles her and threatens to kick her out. The patient begs the CCMA not to tell anyone. How should the CCMA proceed?

Honor the patient's request for confidentiality as she is a minor.
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Explain to the patient that as a mandated reporter, this information must be shared with the provider.
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Tell the patient to call the police herself if she feels unsafe.
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Ignore the comment as there are no signs of physical abuse.
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Question 18 of 76

18. Question

A CCMA is considered a mandated reporter, which means they are legally required to report:

Only confirmed cases of child abuse.
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Any reasonable suspicion of abuse or neglect of a vulnerable person.
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Only specific communicable diseases listed by the CDC.
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Any information a patient discloses in confidence.
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Question 19 of 76

19. Question

A clinic’s policy states that the supervising physician is responsible for making the formal telephone report to Adult Protective Services (APS). If a CCMA reports a suspicion of elder abuse to the physician, but the physician fails to make the report, who is ultimately still legally liable?

Only the physician, as it is their designated role.
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The CCMA, the physician, and the facility could all be held liable.
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Only the facility, for having a poor policy.
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No one, as the CCMA followed the internal protocol.
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Question 20 of 76

20. Question

A frantic mother brings in her 2-year-old who has a spiral fracture of the arm, which she says happened when the child fell off the couch. The CCMA recognizes that a spiral fracture is often associated with a twisting injury and is suspicious. This disconnect between the injury and the explanation is an example of:

A clear sign of neglect.
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An injury inconsistent with the history provided.
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A normal finding in a clumsy toddler.
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A reportable communicable disease.
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Question 21 of 76

21. Question

A patient is diagnosed with active tuberculosis (TB) in the clinic. According to public health regulations, what is the most critical next step regarding reporting?

The patient must be reported to the local public health department in a timely manner.
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The patient's family must be notified by the CCMA immediately.
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The diagnosis should be kept confidential and not reported to protect patient privacy.
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The CCMA should wait for the patient to self-report to the health department.
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Question 22 of 76

22. Question

During a well-child visit, a CCMA notes that a 5-year-old has multiple circular bruises in various stages of healing on their back and upper arms. The parent claims the child is “clumsy.” What is the most appropriate action for the CCMA?

Document "child is clumsy" in the chart as the parent explained.
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Immediately and privately inform the supervising physician of the objective findings.
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Call Child Protective Services (CPS) directly without telling anyone in the office.
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Ask the child directly, in front of the parent, how the bruises occurred.
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Question 23 of 76

23. Question

The “Memory Anchor” ACT stands for Assess, Communicate, and Tell. In this context, the “Communicate” step primarily refers to:

Communicating the diagnosis to the patient.
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Communicating the suspicion to law enforcement.
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Communicating objective findings to the supervising provider and documenting them.
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Communicating with the patient's family about your concerns.
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Question 24 of 76

24. Question

When documenting a suspected case of abuse in a patient’s medical record, a CCMA should:

Write "I suspect the patient is being abused by her husband."
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Use objective language to describe only what was seen and heard.
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Include personal judgments about the caregiver's character.
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Wait to document anything until an investigation is complete.
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Question 25 of 76

25. Question

Which of the following conditions is a nationally notifiable communicable disease that a CCMA should be aware of for reporting purposes?

Seasonal allergies
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Type 2 Diabetes
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Measles
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Hypertension
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Question 26 of 76

26. Question

Which of the following is a key physical indicator of neglect in an elderly patient?

Expressing fear of their caregiver.
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Unexplained financial shortages.
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Poor hygiene and being dressed in clothes inappropriate for the weather.
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A single, well-explained fracture from a recent fall.
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Question 27 of 76

27. Question

A 24-year-old patient is able to stay on their parent’s health insurance plan. This is a key provision of which law?

HITECH Act
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21st Century Cures Act
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Affordable Care Act (ACA)
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Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
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Question 28 of 76

28. Question

A CCMA is documenting a patient’s vital signs in the EHR. They accidentally open another patient’s chart. What is the most immediate and appropriate action to ensure compliance with the HITECH Act’s security principles?

Report the incident to the office manager at the end of the day.
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Close the incorrect chart immediately and open the correct one, then self-report the mistake to the privacy officer.
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Ask a coworker what to do.
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Say nothing, as no information was actually used or disclosed.
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Question 29 of 76

29. Question

A clinic’s software vendor, who stores their ePHI in the cloud, has a data breach. Under the HITECH Act, who is responsible for the breach?

Only the software vendor, as they are the business associate.
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Only the clinic, as they are the covered entity.
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Both the clinic (covered entity) and the vendor (business associate) can be held liable.
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The HHS, for not preventing the breach.
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Question 30 of 76

30. Question

A healthcare system wants to analyze patient outcomes across its different hospitals. However, the hospitals use different EHR systems that cannot easily exchange data. This problem is what the 21st Century Cures Act aims to solve through its focus on:

Patient cost-sharing
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Breach notification
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Interoperability
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Pre-existing conditions
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Question 31 of 76

31. Question

A medical office is transitioning from paper charts to a certified EHR system to qualify for federal financial incentives. This initiative is primarily driven by which act?

Affordable Care Act (ACA)
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HITECH Act
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21st Century Cures Act
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Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
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Question 32 of 76

32. Question

A patient uses a third-party smartphone app to download their electronic health information, including lab results and visit summaries, directly from the clinic’s EHR. The clinic’s ability to provide this data through a secure API is a major goal of which law?

HITECH Act
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Stark Law
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Affordable Care Act (ACA)
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21st Century Cures Act
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Question 33 of 76

33. Question

A patient with a history of diabetes is denied health insurance coverage because of their condition. This action is a direct violation of which law?

21st Century Cures Act
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Affordable Care Act (ACA)
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HITECH Act
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Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)
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Question 34 of 76

34. Question

A patient’s daughter calls and asks for her mother’s recent blood pressure readings. The patient has a signed consent form on file allowing disclosure to her daughter. The CCMA provides the information over the phone. Which two laws most directly govern the privacy and security of this interaction?

ACA and 21st Century Cures Act
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HITECH Act and HIPAA
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Stark Law and Anti-Kickback Statute
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CLIA and OSHA
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Question 35 of 76

35. Question

A physician in your practice believes that releasing a patient’s mental health notes to them immediately via the patient portal could cause the patient to harm themselves. The physician decides to temporarily delay the release of these specific notes. This action might be a permissible exception under which rule?

The ACA's essential benefits rule
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The HITECH Act's meaningful use criteria
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The 21st Century Cures Act's information blocking rule
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The HIPAA Privacy Rule's minimum necessary standard
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Question 36 of 76

36. Question

Which of the following is the BEST example of a CCMA helping a clinic meet the goals of the ACA?

Securely faxing a patient's record to a specialist.
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Reminding a 55-year-old patient that they are due for a screening colonoscopy that is covered at no cost under their insurance.
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Updating the clinic's EHR software to the latest version.
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Running a report of all patients who have not logged into the patient portal.
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Question 37 of 76

37. Question

A medical assistant is asked to email a patient’s lab results to their personal email address. Which of the following is the most important technical safeguard to use?

Compressing the file before sending.
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Encrypting the email.
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Sending the email during off-peak hours.
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Asking the patient to reply to confirm receipt.
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Question 38 of 76

38. Question

A medical assistant is fired for repeatedly violating the office’s HIPAA policies. What is the most serious potential consequence for the medical assistant?

A fine of up to $50,000 and/or up to 1 year in prison.
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A fine of up to $100,000 and/or up to 5 years in prison.
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A fine of up to $250,000 and/or up to 10 years in prison.
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A permanent loss of their medical assistant certification.
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Question 39 of 76

39. Question

A medical assistant is leaving a voicemail for a patient to confirm an appointment. Which of the following information is appropriate to leave in the message?

The patient's full name and the reason for the appointment.
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The patient's name, the clinic's name, and a call-back number.
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The patient's diagnosis and the appointment time.
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The patient's date of birth and insurance information.
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Question 40 of 76

40. Question

A medical assistant is talking to a patient at the front desk, and another patient in the waiting room overhears their conversation. This is an example of what type of HIPAA violation?

Intentional
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Incidental
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Criminal
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Technical
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Question 41 of 76

41. Question

A medical assistant notices a coworker looking up the medical record of a celebrity who is not a patient at the clinic. What is the most appropriate first action for the medical assistant to take?

Confront the coworker and tell them to stop.
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Report the incident to the office's designated Privacy or Security Officer.
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Ignore the situation to avoid causing trouble.
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Discuss the situation with other coworkers to see what they think.
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Question 42 of 76

42. Question

A patient asks for a copy of their medical records. Under HIPAA, the medical office must provide the records within what timeframe?

24 hours
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10 business days
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30 days
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60 days
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Question 43 of 76

43. Question

A patient’s name, date of birth, and insurance information are all examples of what?

EMR
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PHI
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EHR
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HIPAA
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Question 44 of 76

44. Question

The principle of ‘minimum necessary’ in the HIPAA Privacy Rule means that you should:

Only access the information you need to do your job.
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Never access a patient's chart without their written consent.
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Only discuss patient information with the physician.
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Always get a second opinion before accessing PHI.
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Question 45 of 76

45. Question

Which of the following is an example of a physical safeguard under the HIPAA Security Rule?

Using a unique password for the EHR system.
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Attending annual HIPAA training.
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Positioning computer monitors to prevent unauthorized viewing of PHI.
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Encrypting all outgoing emails containing PHI.
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Question 46 of 76

46. Question

Which of the following is NOT a covered entity under HIPAA?

A hospital
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A health insurance company
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A medical billing company
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A patient's employer
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Question 47 of 76

47. Question

A medical assistant is asked by a patient to interpret their lab results. What is the most appropriate action for the medical assistant to take?

Provide a general interpretation based on their knowledge.
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Tell the patient they are not allowed to interpret results and to ask the physician.
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Document the patient's request and inform the physician.
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Both B and C.
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Question 48 of 76

48. Question

A medical assistant notices a frayed cord on a piece of medical equipment. What is the most appropriate risk management action?

Unplug the equipment and continue using it.
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Make a note to tell the physician about it later.
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Immediately remove the equipment from service and report it for repair.
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Warn patients to be careful around the equipment.
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Question 49 of 76

49. Question

A patient calls the office complaining of chest pain. The medical assistant, believing it is just indigestion, tells the patient to take an antacid. The patient later has a heart attack. The medical assistant’s actions would be considered:

Practicing within their scope of practice.
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A breach of duty and practicing outside their scope of practice.
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An appropriate response to a non-urgent call.
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A form of defensive medicine.
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Question 50 of 76

50. Question

A patient is injured after a medical assistant administers the wrong medication. For a malpractice case to be successful, the patient must prove a duty was owed, the duty was breached, the breach caused the injury, and what other element?

Malice
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Intent
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Damages
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Dereliction
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Question 51 of 76

51. Question

A patient signs a consent form for a procedure, but later claims they did not understand what they were signing. This could lead to a claim of:

Battery
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Defamation
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Negligence
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Invasion of privacy
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Question 52 of 76

52. Question

A physician is held liable for the negligent actions of their medical assistant who was acting within the scope of their employment. This is an example of what legal doctrine?

Res ipsa loquitur
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Stare decisis
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Respondeat superior
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Quid pro quo
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Question 53 of 76

53. Question

The legal principle that an employer is responsible for the actions of an employee is known as:

The Four Ds of Negligence
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Scope of Practice
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Vicarious Liability
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Informed Consent
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Question 54 of 76

54. Question

The mnemonic “D-D-D-D” is a helpful way to remember the four elements of negligence. What does the “Dereliction” component refer to?

The provider's failure to meet the standard of care.
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The harm suffered by the patient.
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The existence of a provider-patient relationship.
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The link between the provider's action and the patient's injury.
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Question 55 of 76

55. Question

Which of the following is a key risk management strategy for a medical assistant?

Performing tasks outside their scope of practice to be more helpful.
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Documenting procedures before they are performed to save time.
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Ensuring patient confidentiality is maintained at all times.
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Sharing their EHR password with other medical assistants.
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Question 56 of 76

56. Question

Which of the following is the best example of proper documentation in a patient’s chart?

"Patient seems anxious today."
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"Patient complained of a headache."
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"Patient reports a throbbing headache on the right side of their head that started this morning, rates pain as 7/10."
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"Patient is a complainer."
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Question 57 of 76

57. Question

A CCMA is asked to perform a procedure that they have not been trained to do. By politely refusing and notifying the supervising provider, the CCMA is adhering to which ethical principle?

Autonomy
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Justice
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Beneficence
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Non-maleficence
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Question 58 of 76

58. Question

A medical assistant ensures that a patient’s chart is not left open on a computer screen in a busy hallway. This action directly upholds which of the following?

The principle of beneficence
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The Patient's Bill of Rights regarding confidentiality
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The principle of justice
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The right to an interpreter
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Question 59 of 76

59. Question

A new clinic policy offers expedited appointments for patients with premium insurance plans, while others must wait several weeks. This policy could be in violation of which ethical principle?

Autonomy
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Beneficence
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Non-maleficence
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Justice
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Question 60 of 76

60. Question

A patient asks a CCMA for their opinion on whether they should proceed with a surgery recommended by the doctor. What is the most appropriate response for the CCMA?

"If I were you, I would definitely do it."
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"I can't give you my opinion, but I can ask the doctor to come back and answer any more questions you have."
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"I think you should get a second opinion from another doctor."
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"The doctor is very skilled, so you should trust their recommendation."
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Question 61 of 76

61. Question

A patient expresses that they do not want to receive a recommended vaccination. Which of the following patient rights are they exercising?

The right to a second opinion
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The right to make decisions about their care
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The right to privacy
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The right to access their medical records
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Question 62 of 76

62. Question

A patient with a known allergy to penicillin is mistakenly prescribed it. The CCMA, while reviewing the patient’s chart before administering the medication, catches the error and alerts the provider. This act of prevention is a clear application of:

Non-maleficence
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Justice
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Autonomy
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Beneficence
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Question 63 of 76

63. Question

A provider explains the risks and benefits of a minor surgical procedure to a patient, who then signs a form agreeing to the procedure. This process is known as:

Implied consent
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Informed consent
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Patient waiver
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Advanced directive
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Question 64 of 76

64. Question

An elderly patient is having difficulty understanding the provider’s instructions. The CCMA takes extra time to re-explain the instructions in simple, clear language. This is an example of which ethical principle?

Justice
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Autonomy
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Beneficence
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Non-maleficence
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Question 65 of 76

65. Question

The mnemonic “Just Be A Nurse” is a study aid for remembering the four core principles of medical ethics. What does the “A” in the mnemonic stand for?

Accountability
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Advocacy
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Autonomy
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Accuracy
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Question 66 of 76

66. Question

Which of the following is NOT typically considered a right under the Patient’s Bill of Rights?

The right to courteous and respectful treatment.
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The right to a complete and clear explanation of their medical condition.
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The right to have all treatment costs waived if they are unhappy with the outcome.
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The right to know the identity of the physicians, nurses, and others involved in their care.
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Question 67 of 76

67. Question

A CCMA is asked to provide patient education on a new medication. The provider gives the CCMA a pre-approved handout. The CCMA should:

Read the handout to the patient and answer any questions they have about the medication's side effects.
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Give the patient the handout and tell them to read it at home.
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Refuse to do it, as patient education is not an MA's job.
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Provide the patient with the pre-approved handout and explain that it contains information from the doctor, directing any specific medical questions back to the provider.
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Question 68 of 76

68. Question

A CCMA notices a colleague documenting a procedure that was not actually performed. According to the AAMA Code of Ethics, what is the most appropriate initial action?

Ignore the situation to avoid conflict.
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Report the colleague to the state medical board immediately.
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Uphold the honor of the profession by reporting the inaccuracy to the office manager or supervising provider.
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Confront the colleague and tell them to fix the chart.
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Question 69 of 76

69. Question

A CCMA sees a celebrity’s name on the patient schedule for the day. The CCMA’s friend is a huge fan. What is the only ethically and legally acceptable action?

Tell the friend the celebrity is a patient but don't give details.
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Take a discreet photo to show the friend later.
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Say nothing to anyone and treat the celebrity like any other patient.
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Ask the celebrity for an autograph for the friend.
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Question 70 of 76

70. Question

A patient calls the office asking for their partner’s lab results. The partner is also a patient at the practice. How should the CCMA respond?

Provide the results since the partner is also a patient.
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Tell the caller you cannot provide the information without the patient's written consent.
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Ask the provider for permission to share the results.
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Leave a note on the patient's chart for the provider to call back.
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Question 71 of 76

71. Question

A patient with a different cultural background seems hesitant and avoids eye contact. How should a CCMA apply the AAMA Code of Ethics in this situation?

Assume the patient is being difficult and uncooperative.
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Document the patient's non-compliance in their chart.
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Respect the patient's dignity by being patient and using clear, simple communication.
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Ask the provider to speak with the patient instead.
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Question 72 of 76

72. Question

A physician asks a CCMA to start an IV drip on a patient, a task that is not permitted for MAs in their state. What is the CCMA’s most appropriate response?

Attempt the procedure to be helpful.
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Ask another, more experienced CCMA to do it.
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Inform the physician that the task is outside their legal scope of practice.
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Document in the chart that the physician requested the procedure.
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Question 73 of 76

73. Question

The AAMA Code of Ethics principle of continually improving knowledge and skills is best demonstrated by which of the following actions?

Reading a medical journal during lunch breaks.
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Attending a professional conference to earn CEUs.
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Discussing patient cases with colleagues.
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Always arriving to work on time.
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Question 74 of 76

74. Question

The legal term for the specific duties and procedures a medical assistant is permitted to perform is called:

Code of Conduct
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Scope of Practice
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Professional Ethics
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Standard of Care
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Question 75 of 76

75. Question

Which of the following is a core principle of the AAMA Code of Ethics?

Diagnosing common patient illnesses
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Rendering service with full respect for the dignity of humanity
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Prescribing medications under supervision
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Sharing patient information with family members
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Question 76 of 76

76. Question

Which of the following tasks falls within the general scope of practice for a CCMA?

Interpreting a patient's EKG results.
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Performing a venipuncture to draw a blood sample.
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Prescribing an antibiotic for a suspected infection.
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Adjusting a patient's insulin dosage.
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Correct

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